• Tailoring pharmacological treatment to the genetic backgroun

  2020-02-04

  

  Tailoring pharmacological treatment to the genetic background of a person can enhance therapeutic response (), increase compliance (), and decrease drug toxicity (, , ). Because cocaine addiction has a strong genetic basis, with the vulnerability to develop an addiction estimated to be as high as 72

• Here we uncover a highly diverse superfamily

  2020-02-04

  

  Here we uncover a highly diverse superfamily of self-replicating MGEs, dubbed pipolins, which are present in three major bacterial phyla, as well as in mitochondria, and encode divergent PolB carrying TPR1 and TPR2 subdomains. Biochemical characterization of a representative enzyme encoded by a pipo

• To date the role of CRF and

  2020-02-04

  

  To date, the role of CRF and CRF1+ neurons within the amygdala in the expression of anxiety-like behavior and conditioned fear, and the place where these cell populations fit into the fear-related microcircuitry already identified in the CeA, have not been fully characterized. Recent evidence suppor

• We further verified the presence of CLIC CLIC and CLIC

  2020-02-04

  

  We further verified the presence of CLIC1, CLIC4 and CLIC5 in purified mitochondria following protocols described earlier (Singh et al., 2012). As shown in Fig. 4, CLIC4 and CLIC5 were present in the ultra-pure mitochondrial fraction (M3). All the three fractions obtained from 30% (v/v) Percoll grad

• Estrogens Definition and history The term

  2020-02-04

  

  Estrogens: Definition and history The term “estrogens” refers to a group of female hormones, including estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estretrol (Fig. 1). Chemically, estrogens belong to the family of organic compounds known as steroids. As such, their core structure is composed of 17 carbon-carbo

• 182 8 Hinokitiol has versatile abilities as anticancer

  2020-02-04

  

  Hinokitiol has versatile abilities as anticancer, antimicrobial and molecule transport agents and appears to have no developmental toxicity or carcinogenic effects (Imai et al., 2006b). For anticancer activities, it causes apoptosis and 182 8 arrest in many different types of cancers, such as murin

• Emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of Mtb

  2020-02-04

  

  Emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of Mtb alongwith the inefficacy of widely used Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine in adults are major challenges in the treatment and prevention of TB. Elucidation and characterization of new vaccine and drug candidates are therefore required in order to

• br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow

  2020-02-04

  

  Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Research in the Davis laboratory was supported by grants 4R37NS019904, 5R01NS052351, and 1R35NS097224 from NINDS. Research in the Martemyanov laboratory was supported by grants DA036596 and DA026405 from NIDA, and MH105482 from NI

• cGAS has a central role

  2020-02-04

  

  cGAS has a central role in STING activation after DNA sensing, but it is unknown if most of the DNA sensors act independently or in cooperation with the cGAS-cGAMP pathway. This was addressed for IFI16 (Almine et al., 2017, Jønsson et al., 2017) and PQBP1 (Yoh et al., 2015) but remains to be tested

• Notochord is a transient structure differentiating at early

  2020-02-04

  

  Notochord is a transient structure differentiating at early stage during embryogenesis that is at the origin of vertebral bodies in all vertebrates. In zebrafish, it is composed of vacuolated EPZ-6438 surrounded by a unique ECM structure improperly called notochordal BM. As in chicken and amphibians

• Besides the assessment of toxicological

  2020-02-04

  

  Besides the assessment of toxicological effects immediately after exposure, we also studied the potential recovery of the exposed organisms, through the quantification of ChE activity at specific time intervals after placing organisms in clean test medium. Recovery from chemical challenge, in this c

• Selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type PDE I is commo

  2020-02-04

  

  Selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5I) is commonly used for ED treatment. PDE5I exhibits its vasodilatory effect by inhibiting the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relaxes the smooth muscle and allows increased blood flow for penile tumescence. Udenafil (D

• br Conclusions br Declaration of

  2020-02-04

  

  Conclusions Declaration of interest Acknowledgment This work was supported by an AIRC (Associazione Italiana Ricerca Cancro-Milan) Grant KFR062-2 to A.G.L, by Ricerca Funds by Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (Grant No. 180/01) and by the ERA-NET “ERare” (Grant GO

• br Discussion The present study found cholinesterase

  2020-02-03

  

  Discussion The present study found cholinesterase activity in Saccostrea sp. to vary significantly among three tissue types (digestive gland, gills, adductor muscle) and to respond differentially to four toxicants, three of which were non-organophosphates. Furthermore, a comparison of enzyme acti

• Introduction Breast cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy

  2020-02-03

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy. There are some recognized risk factors for breast cancer, like early menarche or late menopause, which increase the length of the exposure to hormones, as a result of a higher number of ovarian cycles [1]. Moreover, there is evidence supp

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