• The cyclin dependent kinase deactivation is carried out by

  2020-11-17

  

  The cyclin-dependent kinase deactivation is carried out by a particular group of proteins cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs). These group of proteins blocks kinase activity by interfering with the interaction of cyclin-CDK complex [43]. The inhibition of CDK naturally occurs during a G1 phas

• Apart from its high affinity the selection

  2020-11-17

  

  Apart from its high affinity, the selection of GW2580 as NU 9056 lead in our radiotracer development program was motivated by its exceptional selectivity. The observed profound impact of small structural modifications on the selected panel of four kinases tested prompted us to conduct comprehensive

• Several lines of evidence suggest that the anxiety

  2020-11-17

  

  Several lines of evidence suggest that the anxiety provoking behavioral effects of CRF involve CRF1 receptors. CRF1 knockout mice show increased anxiolytic-like activity in the elevated plus maze and a tendency to enter the illuminated region of a light–dark box [49], [52]. In addition, studies usi

• Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotrop

  2020-11-17

  

  Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, a major coordinator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. For instance, early (8–48 h) morphine withdrawal is associated with increased CRF mRNA expression in the central nucleus of the a

• In the preclinical evaluation of CRF receptor antagonists

  2020-11-17

  

  In the preclinical evaluation of CRF1 receptor antagonists, effects were mainly focused on the regulation of hyperactivated HPA axis and the modulation of anxiety or depressive-like behaviors in CRF challenge [16], [17], [18] or stress models [16], [19], [20]. However, it remains to be concluded whe

• Cryoprotectant equilibration and the response to ice concent

  2020-11-17

  

  Cryoprotectant equilibration and the response to ice concentrated media are the two facets of cellular cryobiological protocols most commonly covered by mathematical modeling. In these models, Tiopronin are typically assumed to have uniform, spatially independent extracellular concentrations and te

• During recent years two primary types of models

  2020-11-17

  

  During recent years, two primary types of models have been applied for calculating various thermodynamic properties of amino Palomid 529 mg solutions, i.e. excess Gibbs energy (gE) models used numerously to describe the solubility of amino acid solutions, and equations of state (EOS) models appropr

• The aim of this study was to

  2020-11-17

  

  The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to characterise C. difficile isolates circulating in the Czech Republic from 2013 to 2015. Material and methods Discussion During a three-year period (2013–2015) a total of 32 hospitals voluntarily participated in this project, but only 11 ho

• Introduction Hepatocarcinoma is a common and

  2020-11-17

  

  Introduction Hepatocarcinoma is a common and aggressive form of cancer (Trad et al., 2017). Due to a high rate of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, the prognosis for HCC remains dismal (Wang et al., 2017a, 2017b). Subclinical metastasis is the major cause responsible for tumor recurrence and

• Dose response analysis Fig can be performed

  2020-11-17

  

  Dose response analysis (Fig. 2) can be performed on Sodium salicylate sale in culture, in tissue, in animals or even in patients. Many different responses can be measured, including mRNA levels, reporter gene activity, gene product (e.g. enzyme) activity or even physiological functions such as inhib

• Oxidative stress is associated with elevated levels of intra

  2020-11-17

  

  Oxidative stress is associated with elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation which then causes DNA damage and the death of cells (Miyata et al., 2017). Generation of ROS affects main signaling pathways in cells associated with tumorigenesis: mitogen activated protein

• Ligand independent activation of neuronal nuclear estrogen r

  2020-11-17

  

  Ligand-independent activation of neuronal nuclear estrogen receptors may also continue to occur in absence of ovarian estrogens. AF-1 requires intracellular kinase cascade-dependent phosphorylation of specific residues in the A/B domain of nuclear estrogen receptors (Le Goff et al., 1994; Kato et al

• ERR and ERR share high sequence homology

  2020-11-17

  

  ERRα and ERRγ share high sequence homology at their DNA binding domain (98% identity) and bind response elements in a similar fashion (Fig. 3 and Liu et al., 2005), yet ERRγ shows high variability in its capacity to stimulate the different response elements, whereas ERRα does not (Fig. 6A). For exam

• The ERR gene lacks the typical TATA and CAAT

  2020-11-17

  

  The ERRα gene lacks the typical TATA and CAAT boxes, but has multiple consensus Sp1 binding elements in the GC-rich promoter (Shi et al., 1997). Previously, our laboratory has shown that ERRα expression is upregulated in the mouse uterus by estrogen (Shigeta et al., 1997) and recently we identified

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments

  2020-11-17

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia Lujambio, James Fagin, and Ramon Parsons for providing cell lines and Evripidis Gavathiotis for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank Saboor Hekmaty for providing expertise with RNA-seq analysis. P.I.P. would like to ac

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