• Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotrop

  2020-11-17

  

  Opiate withdrawal promotes the activation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system, a major coordinator of neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stressors. For instance, early (8–48 h) morphine withdrawal is associated with increased CRF mRNA expression in the central nucleus of the a

• In the preclinical evaluation of CRF receptor antagonists

  2020-11-17

  

  In the preclinical evaluation of CRF1 receptor antagonists, effects were mainly focused on the regulation of hyperactivated HPA axis and the modulation of anxiety or depressive-like behaviors in CRF challenge [16], [17], [18] or stress models [16], [19], [20]. However, it remains to be concluded whe

• Cryoprotectant equilibration and the response to ice concent

  2020-11-17

  

  Cryoprotectant equilibration and the response to ice concentrated media are the two facets of cellular cryobiological protocols most commonly covered by mathematical modeling. In these models, Tiopronin are typically assumed to have uniform, spatially independent extracellular concentrations and te

• During recent years two primary types of models

  2020-11-17

  

  During recent years, two primary types of models have been applied for calculating various thermodynamic properties of amino Palomid 529 mg solutions, i.e. excess Gibbs energy (gE) models used numerously to describe the solubility of amino acid solutions, and equations of state (EOS) models appropr

• The aim of this study was to

  2020-11-17

  

  The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to characterise C. difficile isolates circulating in the Czech Republic from 2013 to 2015. Material and methods Discussion During a three-year period (2013–2015) a total of 32 hospitals voluntarily participated in this project, but only 11 ho

• Introduction Hepatocarcinoma is a common and

  2020-11-17

  

  Introduction Hepatocarcinoma is a common and aggressive form of cancer (Trad et al., 2017). Due to a high rate of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, the prognosis for HCC remains dismal (Wang et al., 2017a, 2017b). Subclinical metastasis is the major cause responsible for tumor recurrence and

• Dose response analysis Fig can be performed

  2020-11-17

  

  Dose response analysis (Fig. 2) can be performed on Sodium salicylate sale in culture, in tissue, in animals or even in patients. Many different responses can be measured, including mRNA levels, reporter gene activity, gene product (e.g. enzyme) activity or even physiological functions such as inhib

• Oxidative stress is associated with elevated levels of intra

  2020-11-17

  

  Oxidative stress is associated with elevated levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation which then causes DNA damage and the death of cells (Miyata et al., 2017). Generation of ROS affects main signaling pathways in cells associated with tumorigenesis: mitogen activated protein

• Ligand independent activation of neuronal nuclear estrogen r

  2020-11-17

  

  Ligand-independent activation of neuronal nuclear estrogen receptors may also continue to occur in absence of ovarian estrogens. AF-1 requires intracellular kinase cascade-dependent phosphorylation of specific residues in the A/B domain of nuclear estrogen receptors (Le Goff et al., 1994; Kato et al

• ERR and ERR share high sequence homology

  2020-11-17

  

  ERRα and ERRγ share high sequence homology at their DNA binding domain (98% identity) and bind response elements in a similar fashion (Fig. 3 and Liu et al., 2005), yet ERRγ shows high variability in its capacity to stimulate the different response elements, whereas ERRα does not (Fig. 6A). For exam

• The ERR gene lacks the typical TATA and CAAT

  2020-11-17

  

  The ERRα gene lacks the typical TATA and CAAT boxes, but has multiple consensus Sp1 binding elements in the GC-rich promoter (Shi et al., 1997). Previously, our laboratory has shown that ERRα expression is upregulated in the mouse uterus by estrogen (Shigeta et al., 1997) and recently we identified

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments

  2020-11-17

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia Lujambio, James Fagin, and Ramon Parsons for providing cell lines and Evripidis Gavathiotis for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank Saboor Hekmaty for providing expertise with RNA-seq analysis. P.I.P. would like to ac

• br Halogenases Enzymatic C H activation leading to halogenat

  2020-11-17

  

  Halogenases Enzymatic C–H activation leading to halogenation is another emerging area in biocatalysis [55,56]. Incorporation of halogen atoms during medicinal chemistry eff ;orts is a well-established practice, presenting an effective means to control the molecule’s bioactivity and physicochemical

• Given its high frequency it is not

  2020-11-16

  

  Given its high frequency, it is not surprising that different strategies have been developed to restore the sensitivity of EGFR T790M-mutant s6 kinase to EGFR inhibition. To date, several different strategies have been evaluated in both preclinical and clinical models, but only few have been proved

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2020-11-16

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Data about the ability of non-conventional ligands to operate class-A GPCRs have been accumulating. Specifically, increasing evidence indicates that oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, are involved in many activities that

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