• The present study has several limitations

  2023-08-11

  

  The present study has several limitations. First, the results were obtained using RAW264.7 cells, which are derived from BALB/c mice infected with the Abelson leukemia virus (Raschke et al., 1978). However, these cells, which are a commonly used mouse macrophage cell line, show properties similar to

• The finding of the apelin APJ axis represents an

  2023-08-11

  

  The finding of the apelin/APJ axis represents an impressive event in cardiovascular studies. As a result of various experimental and clinical studies conducted in vivo and in vitro, it has been indicated that apelin/APJ is a crucial mediator of cardiovascular homeostasis, which takes part in the pat

• br Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in

  2023-08-11

  

  Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino Chlorpropamide residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fragments of variou

• In a human intervention study

  2023-08-11

  

  In a human intervention study, blood GSH levels were evaluated over 6 wk in 18 male participants subjected to strenuous aerobic training and a dietary supplement of 1 g of WPI/kg of body mass per day. Blood GSH levels were significantly lower in those subjects who performed exercise that those who d

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion

  2023-08-11

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusion Introduction Free radicals produced by normal oxidative metabolism in the human body can cause chain oxidation of food, accelerate food deterioration and cause serious problems of food safety (Choe & Min, 2006). Excess free radicals

• AMPK is a central regulator of cell growth migration metabol

  2023-08-11

  

  AMPK is a central regulator of cell growth, migration, metabolism, autophagy, and cell polarity [20], [21], [22], [23]. It is highly conserved in eukaryotes and functions as the primary sensor of intracellular adenosine nucleotides [24]. When intracellular ATP levels decrease, AMPK is activated to g

• In this study high concentrations mM of thuringiensin were r

  2023-08-11

  

  In this study, high concentrations (0.5–4 mM) of thuringiensin were required to stimulate the basal adenylate cyclase activity Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, but low concentrations of thuringiensin (1–100 μM) were sufficient to inhibit the forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in rat cerebral cor

• The pathogenesis of d penicillamine induced MG is

  2023-08-11

  

  The pathogenesis of d-penicillamine-induced MG is not clear. The repertoire of anti-AChR G-1 in d-penicillamine-induced MG has been shown to be similar to that in idiopathic MG in terms of AChR antigenic regions, suggesting a common immune mechanism (Tzartos et al., 1988). About 20% of d-penicillam

• Casein accounts for of the total protein

  2023-08-11

  

  Casein accounts for 80% of the total protein in bovine milk (Capriotti, Cavaliere, Piovesana, Samperi, & Laganà, 2016); hydrolysates or bioactive peptides derived from casein have been employed widely in food as a functional ingredient (Capriotti et al., 2016, Field et al., 2008). Many studies have

• br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Alth

  2023-08-11

  

  Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic ARM1 injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in morphology an

• As in humans and other mammalians spontaneous activity of si

  2023-08-11

  

  As in humans and other mammalians spontaneous activity of sinoatrial pacemaker pka of alcohol in in the zebrafish heart crucially depends on proper HCN4 channel activity (If) and spontaneous diastolic depolarization [15,81]. Whether Na+/K+-ATPase currents regulate next to phase of myocardial repola

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2023-08-10

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion During recent years, recombinant ASK1 has been obtained by expensive baculovirus-insect cell neomycin sulfate systems [20], [27]. In the present study, we constructed recombinant ASK1 and expressed in active form at high level in E. coli. Human AS

• br Methods and materials br Results br Discussion

  2023-08-10

  

  Methods and materials Results Discussion GPCR regulation in response to agonist stimulation is common to nearly all GPCRs and is essential in physiological systems to limit persistent signalling. In this study we have investigated the [Pyr1]apelin-13-induced trafficking and desensitization

• Acknowledgments br Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis PF is a c

  2023-08-10

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia and a crushing disease that occurs as a result of a variety of lung injuries, including auto-immune, tuberculosis and traumatic insult [1], [2]. PF is characterized by the accumulation of extracel

• br Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is funded

  2023-08-10

  

  Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is funded by the Chief Scientist Office of Scottish Government: Grants ETM-258 and ETM-382. BE is supported by an Erasmus scholarship (D -JENA01). Introduction The equine placenta is a noninvasive transient organ, classified as diffuse and epithel

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